... is conscious, it is responsible for the limitation of satisfactions and represents the influence of others such as parents, teachers, significant others, and other influences such as racial and cultural traditions. The theory states that instincts are the ultimate cause of all behaviour, the instincts being Eros (love) and Thanatos (the death or aggressive instinct). Eros serves to establish and maintain a unity through relationships, whereas Thanatos will undo connections and unity which interfere with the gratification of the libido. The instincts both combine through attraction or work against each other. Freud believed that sexual life begins soon after birth and identified four main phases; the Oral stage, the Anal phase, the Phallic phase and the Genital phase. The Oral phase shows an emphasis, by an individual, on providing satisfaction for the mouth, the first erotogenic zone. In the Anal phase satisfaction is achieved via aggression and the excretory function. The ...

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