... make sure that I do not use any news stories that could contain abnormally long or short words. Results I will record my results using a tally chart: The Sun Letters (x) Tallies Frequency (f) fx 1 1 1 2 5 10 3 10 30 4 11 44 5 6 30 6 5 30 7 5 35 8 1 8 9 5 45 10 1 10 11 0 0 12 0 0 Total 50 243 The Times Letters (x) Tallies Frequency (f) fx 1 1 1 2 11 22 3 10 30 4 4 16 5 3 15 6 3 18 7 10 70 8 2 16 9 1 9 10 3 30 11 1 11 12 1 12 Total 50 250 Analysis Modal Value The modal number of letters per word for The Times is 2, followed by 3 and 7, joint. The modal number of letters per word for The Sun is 4 followed by 3. Estimated Mean The estimated mean (average) number of letters per word in The Sun is 4.86. The mean (average) number of letters per word in The Times is 5. I found this by dividing the fx column (frequency multiplied by letters per word) by the words sampled. The formula for finding the estimated mean is: ?fx n Standard Deviation I will find the standard deviation with the aid of these frequency tables: The standard deviation of the number of letters per word in The Sun is 2.24 Letters (x) Frequency (f) fx (x-x) (x-x)² f(x-x)² 1 1 1 -3.86 14.8996 14.8996 2 5 10 -2.86 8.1796 40.898 3 10 30 -1.86 3.4596 34.596 4 11 44 -0.86 0.7396 8.1356 5 6 30 0.14 0.0196 0.1176 6 5 30 1.14 1.2996 6.498 7 5 35 2.14 4.5796 22.898 8 1 8 3.14 9.8596 9.8596 9 5 45 4.14 17.1396 85.698 10 1 10 5.14 26.4196 26.4196 11 0 0 6.14 37.6996 0 12 0 0 7.14 50.9796 0 Total 50 243 250.02 S.D= 2.236 The standard deviation of the number of letters per word in ...

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