... with the heating process. To make it a fair test, the time taken of different fuels to burn could be measured. If this happened, the apparatus should be properly washed, everything re-weighed and re-measured, and the thermometer left to cool. Results: (Averages) Ethanol Fire Lighter Distance from test tube to tile (cm) 12.5 cm 12.5 cm Initial temperature (ºC) 14.5 ºC 17.5 ºC Final Temperature (ºC) 28 ºC 42ºC Temp. Difference (ºC) 13.5 ªC 24.5ºC Initial Mass (g) 21.92 g 20.74 g Final Mass (g) 20.5 g 19.35 g Mass Difference (g) 1.43 g 1.39 g Observations: The results were averaged out from 2 repeats (each) for improved accuracy. Some observations were taken during the experiment: * The firelighter burnt for a lot longer than the ethanol. * The firelighter's flame was a lot stronger and created more soot than the ethanol's. Calculations: Heat energy produced = Mass of water x specific heat capacity x temperature rise of water Ethanol 20 g x 4.2J x 13.5ºC = 1134 J 1.134 x 100 1.43 = 79.3 kJ/100g Fire ...

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