... a longer time than that which is available to do the experiment. I shall carry out a preliminary test to determine flame size, time to keep the spirit burners lit etc. Control variables * Flame size * Distance of beaker from/ above flame * Volume of water * Quick extinguishments of flame * Same atmosphere/ room temperature If these factors are not kept the same, it would make the experiment unfair, as the results would be different. The experiment would be unreliable and discredited. For example, a larger or small flame size will heat the water more or less, in the same time period, or the volume of water can change the temperature increase, as more or less molecules will need to be heated. Method * Weigh spirit burner * Measure 50cm3 of water in the measuring cylinder * Pour water into a copper beaker * Take water temperature * Place beaker into clamp, 15.5cm above the surface * Place spirit burner under ...

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