... that during primary socialisation, middle class children received more attention from their families and this contributes to their higher achievement. Therefore, this is how Douglas believes that out-school factors affect a child's educational attainment. However, Douglas has also been criticised ...

... school. These can split up into External and Internal factors. An example of an External Factor would be feminism in the 1970's. Feminism has raised women's expectations and self-esteem. Mc Robbie (1994) work shows that soaps and magazines now contain ...

... of sixteen Asian children whose main home language was not English were at least as competent in English as there fellow classmates. Statistics prove that in England and Wales since 1988 ethnic groups are improving at least twenty percent. Indian ...

... and agreed to set up a national assembly. However, extreme left-wing groups in Germany rejected any form of democratic parliament and pressed for a revolution. The greatest threat came from the Sparticist Union led by Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, ...

... marry, but the children can still have to or more parental figure in there life. Many sociologists have criticised the fact that the reason for under-achieving children in lone-parent families is because they need 2 parental figures, so this family ...

... instead of in the case of quantitative research whereas focus lacks and the methods usually inhabits a larger, random samples. Unlike a quantitative method where the research depends restrictedly on the investigation of arithmetical or quantifiable statistics, data from qualitative ...

... minority parents are disadvantaged when trying to get their children into better schools. The parents, especially if born abroad, may not have much experience of the British education system and may not be able to, or confident enough about their ...

... aspect when carrying out participant observations is that the researcher must observe people in their natural settings, the researcher must not disturb that setting. In Parker's study (View from the Boys 1974)2, of Liverpool adolescents, the researcher persuaded the boys ...

... my focus on the educational achievement of Afro-Caribbean and Asian students. It is evident that Afro-Caribbean pupils do not achieve as well as other ethnic groups as in comparison at degree level, they are at the very bottom, with Chinese ...

... she revisited girls in the 1990's, they had higher expectation and saw jobs as careers. Weiner, Arnot and David are cynical about the underachievement of boys. They feel that the concern about the boy's underachievement is a reaction against the progress ...

... sense of normlessness existed in society, which he termed as an anomic situation, and it was this that caused a strain within society. Members of the lower stratum were the ones Merton highlighted as experiencing the most strain, however he did ...

... which is known as cultural capital. Their lack of knowledge of the dominant culture disadvantages them imediately and continues to act a barrier to learning, which means they are more likely to fail exams. Bernsteins analysis of speech patterns suggests that: There ...

... may be a lack of pre-school and educational books and toys, which can all, affect the child's learning and therefore educational attainment. However the kind of environment that middle class children experience is a lot different and it can be ...

... child will do better than a working class student who may not have been labelled as 'bright' even though he/she may be just as clever. Schools may benefit middle class students more than working class students due to material ...

... of post-war migration, housing and employment were perhaps the most important problem area s in the lives of new immigrants, and were the subject of constant comments by officials, the media and the government who were concerned to dismiss public ...

... actually means is debatable; as Mahony and Zmroczek point out 'Class experience is deeply rooted, retained and carried through life rather than left behind (or below)', as some individuals find themselves in a different social class from that into which ...

... lives, and to some degree it affects the rest of our lives. Its expense must not be forgotten as in 1992 government expenditure on education in the UK was 32.3 billion pounds, 12.7% of all public expenditure (social trends, 1994).cofb ...

... women has to drop of her child(ren) at school in the morning and collect them at the end of the school day she may not be employed as she may be needed to work a full day eg. From 9am-5pm. 5. ...

... maintained by social control agents, like teachers and police officers, and can include actions ranging from constructive criticism, open disapproval or arrest. If a person strays from an expected part of the society's norm he is usually seen as deviant. ...

... of recommendation made by Sir William Macpherson and judge whether or not these were successfully carried out and what effect, if any they had on the minority ethnic community relations. Finishing with the introduction of the acts, which were inspired ...

... studies and the other reason is that in a mixed environment boys are more louder and they are more dominating so they answer all the questions and they also get the most attention. Teachers sometimes favor their own gender in ...

... industry as the stone yard was used for quarrying and the clay pit would probably be used to make stone bricks. There is also a timber yard. There are already some houses in the area; for example, Mary Street and ...

... skilful labourers in the work force. Machines were more reliable and constant in output than humans were. Production costs were drastically reduced as a result of less human workers being needed to do tedious and repetitive jobs. So when these ...

... educational success, media advertisements and family head of house figure. This has also created issues for women that now they seem to have the idea as a result of media exploitation that they need to be physically perfect, there weight ...

... they were able to. Girls now have to study science until the age of 16; however this problem has not yet been solved as a few girls tend to study science subjects in college and university. The national curriculum also ...