... the USA and most Hispanic people are concentrated to the South and the West Coast. Ethnic minorities have always traditionally been concentrated in central areas ever since the first wave of immigration in 1948-1968 where they left the unemployment and poverty in their own country to look for work in semi skilled low paid jobs where black Caribbeans filled the labour gap left by the second world war initially in cities such as London to work on the Underground transport system, then immigrated to fill labour requirements in rapidly expanding industries such as the textile industry in Bradford which attracted many immigrants from the Indian Subcontinent. A further pull of the UK was because of the imperialistic commonwealth ties that meant job vacancies could be publicised easily and that the UK could be easily identified with as the 'mother country'. This initial immigration laid the foundations for the second wave ...

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