... distinct advantage over those from working class families. One of the factors that affect this advantage is speech. There are two different types of speech, restricted and elaborated. The working class tend to use restricted speech; this is a type of speech where reasoning isn't used just short answers without explanations and is very hard for someone who doesn't normally speak like that to understand it. Elaborated speech is the kind of speech that is used by upper and middle class people. It gives explanations for choices and uses quite complex speech in general. Bourdieu is criticised, however, because of the vagueness of his 'cultural capital'. Klineberg said that environmental factors were also very important such as the school itself where Klineberg says that teachers label you as soon as they see you. What is meant by this is that if you are working class then you are unlikely to be ...

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