... small-scale, "community-type" rural areas." " Gesellschaft is used to theorise the nature of social relationships in larger-scale, "association-type" urban areas." Others such as Darwin and Durkheim were also a great deal of help. Firstly Durkheim's ideas about the way informal social bonds tended to be weakened once societies began to develop in both size and number. Darwin's central focus was on animalistic behaviour and the struggle for space in relation to evolution. Shaw and McKay elaborate on an attempt by ecological theorists to apply Social Darwinist ideas to the explanation of criminal behaviour via "Social Disorganisation theory". Shaw and McKay make a strong linkage between that of the "area" to human behaviour, especially criminal behaviour. They focus on effects such as occupation, stability and community life in reference to people's behaviour and how other people's behaviour has an impact on individuals. So if someone is conditioned by non-criminality this will effect the individual's ...

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