... food (conditional stimulus) and will salivate at the sound of the bell and the giving of the food (conditioned response). After a long enough period of time the dog would start to salivate merely at the sound of the bell. However at the beginning, on first hearing the bell the dog would just be interested in what the noise was and maybe turn around and look at where the sound is coming from. This is called the orienting reflex. Pavlov came to the conclusion that the conditioning process creates a new connection in the brain between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. Once conditioning is complete whenever the conditioned stimulus is present the unconditioned stimulus is activated via this new connection, which in turn activates the unconditioned response and conditioned response. What needs to be however realised is that it is not a response that once learnt is never forgotten. ...

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