... are used in many of the career guidance systems rather than formal standardized test instruments. More emphasis is placed in some systems of assessments on description rather than predication. Nevertheless, assessment instruments are still widely used in career counseling contexts. They have also become increasingly relied on for other purposes, such as licensure and certification. Assessment information has helped to document the success of these programs. The task force of the American Association for counseling and development (1980,1989) identified four major use of testing for placement and selection purposes, predicting behaviour and performance in many different situation, describing individuals and providing a picture of growth. In education, business and industry tests are used for placement and selection purposes. More emphasis is being placed on the use of tests to discribe the individual. Criterion-reference tests allowed people to see what skills and competencies they have mastered. The diagonostic use of test result ...

See this essay or coursework document in full right now