... Edgard Varèse (1883-1965) and Andrè Jolivet (1905-1974). I imagined that the studies already done on these composers would provide me with an analytical and historical view of their works and lives. Early in my study it became apparent that very little study had been completed on Andrè Jolivet in general. There are also only small amounts written on the individual works that I have chosen to study by the selected composers. The main works that I am concentrating on are Density 21.5 by Debussy, Le merle noir by Messiaen and Jolivet's Cinq Incantations. When reading this thesis it must be remember that, although Varèse was born in France, he emigrated to America in 1915 when he was thirty-two and Density 21.5 was not written till 1936 so can be classed as part American. Le merle noir by Messiaen is also written for flute and piano whereas the other works are ...

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