... differentiated and presents similar signs and symptoms to other diseases, which is where the diagnostic markers are put best to use. They are utilised in a wide range from detecting different types of specific cancerous cells. Most basically the results are a verdict of either positive or negative. AKR1B10, being from the aldo-keto reductase family protein (Fukumoto S, et al., 2005), is greatly expressed in non-small cell lung carcinoma. It is mainly expressed in squamous cell carcinomas.. AKR1B10 is a highly specific marker, which is closely linked to smoking (Fukumoto S, et al., 2005). AKR1B10 is up regulated in response to cellular stress, involvement in carcinogen metabolism and nuclear receptor signalling (Fukumoto S, et al., 2005). Studies have illustrated that AKR1B10 possibly controls retinoic acid signalling, so has an effect on carcinogenesis process (Fukumoto S, et al., 2005). Retinoic acid in the cell, which is converted from 9-cis-retinal, all trans-retinal ...

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