... angle to give depth to his picture plane. John White states that, "seventy five percent of Giotto's architecture settings are on oblique angles". Giotto's main aim is to show his figures realistically, standing in the picture plane. He does this by tonal modeling to give the figures monumentality and plasticity which leads the viewer to believe that there is a body underneath the robes, occupying their space. He creates shallow stage-like spaces in which to do this. For example in both Joachim Takes Refuge in the Wilderness and The Dream of Joachim the foreground space appears shallow, flat and stage-like. The rocky backdrop appears to be just that, a backdrop. The sky is always blue and this adds naturalism to his works although it was not intentional. However, Giotto was from the Mugello a mountainous area in the north of Tuscany, so it is possible his rocky hills relate to ...

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